How we made DRAM

Are we made of aliens?

How can we enhance the value of laboratory tests?

Today, the pressures on the healthcare systems for the controlling of the costs are extreme and all sectors try to demonstrate the value of their services by justifying the activities and expenditures so the value can be describe in terms like quality, efficiency, effectiveness, patient satisfaction, cost effectiveness .The value of the lab testing is generally directed to their costs and the c...

Adaptive-Latency DRAM (AL-DRAM)

This paper summarizes the idea of Adaptive-Latency DRAM (AL-DRAM), which was published in HPCA 2015 [64]. The key goal of AL-DRAM is to exploit the extra margin that is built into the DRAM timing parameters to reduce DRAM latency. The key observation is that the timing parameters are dictated by the worst-case temperatures and worst-case DRAM cells, both of which lead to small amount of charge ...

Tiered-Latency DRAM (TL-DRAM)

This paper summarizes the idea of Tiered-Latency DRAM, which was published in HPCA 2013 [37]. The key goal of TL-DRAM is to provide low DRAM latency at low cost, a critical problem in modern memory systems [55]. To this end, TL-DRAM introduces heterogeneity into the design of a DRAM subarray by segmenting the bitlines, thereby creating a low-latency, low-energy, low-capacity portion in the suba...

Recruitment and retention of rural physicians: how much progress have we made?

must also be willing to evaluate critically the practices of certified nurse midwives, who might have an even lower rate of intervention in maternity care while they maintain equally high quality.IS Finally, because today's medical environment, despite its shortcomings, has a greater emphasis on cost-effective care, family physicians might have their greatest opportunity to promote the lowinter...